Dental plugger



y(Model.) 1 B. S. BYRNES.

DENTAL PLUGGER.

N0. 876,581. I Patented Jan. 17, 1888.

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UNITED STATES f. PATENT OFFICE.

EENIJAH s. BYENES, or MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

DENTAL PLUGGER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 376,551, dated January17, 1888.

Application filed July 16, 1887. Serial No. 244,506. (Mtdcl.)

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that l, BENIJAH S. BYRNEs, of Memphis, in the county ofShelby and State of Tennessee, have invented a new and Improved DentalPlugger, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specitcation, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure lis a longitudinal sectional elevation of my new dental plugger',showing the hainmer partially raised. Fig. 2 is a similar view showingthe hammer ih its lowermost position-the position it occupies at thetime of delivering a blow. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevationshowing the plugger out of Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the hammerremoved from the main casing, and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of therotating spindle and cam for lifting the hammer.

The invention will irst be described in connection with the drawings,and then pointed out in the claims.

A represents the main casing, formed upony the inside with the groovesor ways a. a,to receive the side ribs, b b, of the hammer B. The lowerend of the casing A is closed by the screw-tip C, in which is held theshank D, into which the plugging or other instrument, E, is screwed, asshown clearly in Fig. l. The shank D is held normally elevated in thetip C by the light coiled spring F,`so that the upper end of thesaidshank will be in the range ot' the stroke of the-hammer B, which strokeis produced by the cam B', (which is a part of the hammer,) the rotarycam G, spindle H, and coiled spring J ,held in the casing A above thehammer. The cam B' is connected to the hammer proper, B, by the sideIianges, b, and the said cam is formed with an aperture, b', for thepassage of the/spindle H. The cam G is attached to the spindle in thespace between the adjacent ends of the hammer B and the cam B', and thespindle H is adapted to be revolved by any suitable motor attached toits4 outer end by a tip, d, in any wellknown manner. The revolution ofthe spindle H and cam G causes the lifting of the hammer B and cam Buntil the toes of the cams pass each other. This lifting motioncompresses the spring J,

and when the toe of the rotary cam passes the toe of the ca m G theSpring J reacts and forces the hammer B and cam B downward, causing thehammer to deliver a blow upon the shank D. This blow thrusts the shank Dand instrument E forward against the tension of the light spring F,which reacts'and lifts-the shank and instrument ready for another blow.The shank D-is free to move longitudinally in the tip C to an unlimitedextent, or until it lifts the ham mer B, so that any overpressure uponthe instrument E will lift the shank nearel` the ham mer B, and thusdiminish the force of the blow of the hammer. In this manner all dangerof injury to the patient is obviated, as the free sliding of the shankcauses a diminution in the f power of the blows in a direct ratio to thepressure ofthe instrument upon the teeth.

By a' considerable pressure upon the point of the instrument Drthe wholedevice may be thrown out of gear, so that the point of the instrumentmay be conveniently used for placing pieces ofv gold without stoppingthe revolution of the spindle H and cam B. This is accomplished by theshank lifting the hammer B and cam B', so that the latter is out ofcontact with the cam G. The shank is held from rotating in the tip C bya stud or pin, h, which enters an open slot or notch, t', in the tip C,and I provide a small volute spring, i', attached to the inner end ofthe tip, the free end i2 ofV which stands partially overthe stud or pinh, so that the shank D will not drop back in the tip of its own accordin case the plugger should be inverted. The end 2 is curved slightlyupward,and when depressed by small rod f (the shank being elevated)presses the stud h to the right, holding it on top of the incline h,thusholding the shank in elevated position, so that no blows will bedelivered upon the shank. By means of the pin f the freefend ofthespring i will be elei vated and moved from the pin h, which will permitthe shank to drop, and thus throw the plugger into gear.

The tension of the spring .l may be increased or diminished to varytheforce of the blows struck by the hammer by backward and for wardmovement of the plate K, placed above the spring at the upper end of thecasing A,

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which plate may be adjusted by the internallying A, as shown elearlyinthe drawings. The adjustable plate K is formed with side serewthreadedprojections, m, which reach through slots m in the casing A, to engagewith the internal screw-threads of the sleeve L. The ease A is offset atc to receive the sleeve L, and said sleeve is held in place by the capor top plate, M, in which the outer end of the spindle H takes itsbearings, the same being prevented from longitudinal movement by thecollar e and the top d.

^ By constructing the plugger as described the same is cheap anddurable, may be instantly thrown out and in gear without stopping therevolution of the spindle, and the force of the blows or power of theinstrument eannotbe increased by p ressure,which is liable with theordinary plugger to injure the tooth operated upon or unduly hurt thepatient.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The shank D and pin 7L thereof and the tip C and slot z', forreceiving the said pin h, in combination with the main easing, hammer B,cam B', intermediate eam,G, spindle H, spring J, and spring i', placedin the main easing, with its free end in line with the slot i,substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The main easing A, hammer B, cam B', intermediate cam, G, spindle H,spring J, shank D, and tip C, having slot i, in combination with thespring z", terminating over the slot i, and the pin f, attached te thespring, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. 35

BENI l AH S. BYRNES.

Witnesses:

J. M. TnnznvAN'r, XV. A. CULLTER.

